Pallet and method of making the same



v April 10, 19,28. 1,665,299

C. B. CUSHWA PALLET AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Jan. 10, 1925 5Sheets-Sheet l FIG-.1

INVENTOR April 10, 1928.

Y l,665,299 c. B. CUSHWA PALLET AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Jan.10, 1925 E1658. 6

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 10, 1928. 1,665,299

C. B.'CUSHWA 1 PALLET AND METHOD OF MAKING THESAME.

Filed Jan; '10, 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 6 FZG.J6.

MM m, m rQ/WMK A; W

Patented Apt. 10, 1928.

V wmuy eons attending t IN AND STAMPING COMPANY; OF YOUNGSTOWN, OHIQ,-ACORPORATION 015 03110. e

y flLL'ET Am) mfi rn'ob or M KHTG; THE SAME.

ApplicdtidnmedJ nuar 10,1925; "simian-1,5371

The'present' invention r'el ait'es brea dlyte pellets; a d morep'atrticnlarly to pellet of the "c'hz'rr'a eter adapted for use thenia-r'iiifeet-er f bricks, zfithdugh the utility'ef the inwer'itidh'ishdt' iiinited in this respetj I in the-artte which this i'nifehtidnrelates; it" is eus'te'mztiyet the present time t6 utilize sheet metzrlpa'lletefor'the purpose of sup-f Pbftitig the bri'cks' 'chiring theformation thefebi and fei" facilitating the trah'sfer o f thefOflIlGd'bTiCkS to a'conveyor, kiln, or the like. A5 usuallycentiqucted, 'sueh sheet met 'i 'p'allets have been reinforced bydewngenerally provided is diseentinuous 'aethe eoiners thereby renderingthe pallet capa bl'e'of tliStDrtion or Warping abdut its diegFurthermore, there is always a poss bihty of relative movement betweenthe inner edge of the r0111 and the body of the pallet whichconsiderably redtlces the efiieiehcy of the" rio'lI or flange as 21rigidiein; fercmg means. A- pellet'of thlS nature W111 net 'mziihtzifnits' upper surface fiat enough to 'for'in a: perfect brick ifsubjec'tedfor: any extended length of; time to the abusive treat and transferringopera:

e manufacture of 'brieke As ordinarily provided; these pallets aresubject te another" objection. One of the inent of pressfini inesttroubleeenie' feetu eepf hfiek inaki'ng' is the difliculty "ofdbtai'nmgumferm drylacltsl' Heretot'erejtitv has been commen practice t6depend; upon the operatoi t'e shit and as; ef ensequence thibi'iijksinteprov d term offf enet wheif-ein qb t miail Uniform stieng-th ehtiinedthieughent the entire bedy by ife'ziso'ii if a' fiai'ig'dli bead Whihn'izi'y be cohtinndus at the corners. It

V is fnrt-heif piovided that a. tubular, feirni'of bedding e veizeee thePP' fellingferl bending the ends of sides; er both: Th s relnieieingroller flange TO THE eMMER I L EAR A further object of the presentin'itentidnt in aeeei'dancewith bile embodiment thereof,

is the I prOvisio'n' ef means fer 'spaleing edja cent palletapredetermined nm'nnuin distance, thereby m's'iiiijng unimpeded air:CiIj- Canaan between the pellets independent of the cfare ei ereised bythe opera-tor, Such 6e spacing ndee'ns'is preferably in the fei'm ofp'iotuhe rztnces' fremjthe 'cernete rofthe pal 2 11 fei'min g weak spotsfor dy'idatidn: The

present ineeeeen' also eei' 't'einplzites 1 ver: com ng thls mecnen andobte'ining turth'er advantages ir'om the galvan zing o'perationj.

In the a'e ceinpinying di aiii ings thfiare' shewn, for: purposes oflllustrationdnly cer tain preferred inbodiihente ef the presentinvention, it being understoed "that the drawings do'lnet; define thelimits of thinv ventien, ae'chengee-inj the ediistructidns disclosedtherein 'eiid' the lnethed'bf'rneking the seine may beinade'witholitdep'axting of br'oidef chime. In the diaw'vings; V I IFigure, 1', is'an inverted 1512111 view (if, O'n'e Fi gui iargee ell enthe 1ineIV IYfofQ ig 1 V fofni pztlletjeinbbflying e 2; present'ven'tien e e 2, ie a longitndi 'al seetienzillview i Von thefiine' llll'Qf Figure ;thg aHet he 7. 96 i be ng ehqwn 1n it i snpp' rtinfgpesL;tlOIi, v t "I Figiii eS i'e avleeysimilar efl, illustrating alnedifiedhfdiiniefthe invem eon; i Figure 4; is a cross sectional-V ewto eli- 5 Figure 5 ie'i ieW s'iinil'ar tbfeFignife taken on the line V+VoffFi gnrelfiy Figure 6 is inverted plan view-"0 f a pallet embodyingthe present inventionas inc'orporatedin both Figures 1 and 3; V

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional 'view on the lineVIL-VII of Figure6;

Figure 8 is an inverted plan view of a pallet provided with spacingprojections on "the corners and having the endbeads -".crushed to permitthe operator to slip his.

hand under the pallet; V p Figure 9 is a detail sectional view toenlarged-scale onthe line IX-IX of Figure 8,-showing one type of Weldedjoint;

periphery of construction'of thepallet shown in Figure '14, the outlineof the, finished pallet being V Figures views on an enlarged scale,illustrating indev pallet body Figure 10 is a cross'sectional view toen-' larged scale on the line X,X of v Figure 8, I lllustrating thecrushed end beading;

tra'ting the joint between the edgefportion of the'beadand the bodyofthepallet; Figure 14 is a viewsimilarto Figure 11,

a the pallet being'v shown as having the roll f the bead carriedcontinuously about the r the palletiff i Figure 15 illustratesthe blankused in the shown in chain line; 7' i Figure 16 is similar .toFigure 8,embodying the continuous roll and crushed end heads, but not providedwiththeiproj'ecting spacing meanson the corners; i l Figures 17, 18, 19and 20 correspond re spectively toFigures 1, 3, 6 and 11, but illustratea pallet having square corners, different forms of corners being shownin the different figures;and' a a a 21, 22, 23' and 24 areperspectivetail i different forms of corners; aReferringfirsttorFigures 1 s isshown a'palletcornprising a body portion 2 having formed thereon acontinuously extending downwardly projectin flan'ge- 3. Alongsubstantially the entire si e-portions the body 2, the -fla-nge 3 isrolledinward 1y and upwardly to l-form a, reinforcing means 4oflsubstantiallycircular 'eross sed 131011, the. inner edge}; of which]preferablyu ithe, b dy. reiit n 2 f filler P l t which it'rnay be'seourejd by welding, brazing,

I 'or'tli'e liker In practice Ighave foundithat galvanizing'the'palletsafter forming effects I "a very efficient weld between theinner edge'5fof the bead and the body'portion 2, in-

creasing the strength materially, as Well as obliterating any'die marks;This is the-'preferred manner of effecting theweld, as galvanizing'isessential to the life of the pallet, and thereforeby galvanizing afterforming,

' Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a pallet embodyunderstood that the same maybe provided and 2, there and the pallet, This feature better illusnotonly is the pallet uniformly coated, but without any additional expensethe welding is effected; In Figure 3 there is shown a pallet having theflange 3 rolled to form a tubular reinforcing means 4: along the ends ofthe pallet. This reinforcing means 4; may have its inner edge 5 weldedtoithe body portion 2,

as illust-rated in Figure 4, preferably in the manner described.

ing both of the reinforcing means 4 and 1 i found in :Figures 1 and 2respectively, presenting a pallet of great strength and rigidity, witha'cornparatively smooth lower surface facilitating sliding ofthe pallet;Still greater strength is to be found in the pallet shown in F igure8,wherein a tubular reinforcing means 6 extends continuously about. theperiphery ofthe pallet. As shown in Figure 9, the inner edge 7 of thisbead abutsthe body 2 of the pallet and. is secured'thereto preferably by,galvanizing, as described, the spelter completely filling the joint. Toprovide for draim ing the excess spelter from within the tuf bularportion 6, holes 8 are made in the corners. In accordance withtheinvent-ion it is proposed that the corners be'so shaped as toconstitute projections 9 extending horizontally outwardly beyond {theside edges of the pallet. These projections form a spacing means toseparate'adjacent pallets and thereby. provide free air circulationspaces therebetween. WVhile I have shown 190 such spacing means aspreferably placed at the corners, ,due to the factthat it increases theradius of the corners and thereby ,expe 'dites the formation of theflange, it will, be

at intervals. along the sides. Figure v9 is a cross sectional viewthrough one of the projections 9 and'shows theouter edge 10 flats tenedto provide plane contact between adjacent pallets. 'Like palletspreviously described, the inneriedge 11 is preferably securedto the body2 of the pallet byrgal-j vanizing after forming. v." I

Greater ease of manipulation is provided for in this palletby crushingthe tubular reinforcing means. fialong the middle 1501;

--tion' 12 "of the ends to permit the operator to slip his hand between,the pallet' support trated in the cross see tion-aldview, inFigur'etinuously about the periphery of the pallet, I This flange isfo'rmedinto aroll or tubular I reinforcing means l5 which extends sub- 1 3,9

I10, the hand grip thusproyided beinglfree fromjsharp edges or corners.

"increase stantially the entire; length of the sides'and Y s, I Th i n e-g -e the roll" 15 has rned t e n a f ge :1 which abuts the body.portion .2 and is secured thereto, preferably by spot-Welding,galvanizing,- or both.

The substantial nature of. this construction is evident from-Figure 12.-Much-strengthsu pp i .g QmthG-hO Y i i P let by reason of contact withthe flanges 16, and relative movement between the inner edges of the.roll and thebody pallet is rendered impossible by the large areas soWelded.

. Figure 14% shows a pallet that shovvn. in Figure 12,-but havingaddi-t-iona'l strength provided by extendingt'he roll 15? continuously,in so far; as ispossible, about the oor-- ners 18. The blank'trom whichthis pallet is. formed is'shown inFig ure 15, the outline of thefinished pallet being shown by chain lines 19. v

The pallet illustrated in Figure 16 is constructed similarlyto thatshown in Figure '8,

I however, is shown without, spacing means the inner edge-being weldedto the body 2 by galvanizingor other-wise. This-pallet,

for separating adjacent pallets, such spacing being left to the skill oftheopei'ator. Hand holds 20 areprovided by crushing the tubuing' means22 andt24" as illustrated in. Fig-- ur-es 1'7 and '18, and providedwitha corner V joint 26 wherein the folded metal extends lar reinforcingmeans '6 along the middle portion'12 of the ends. Inasmuch. asthisreinforcing means 6 is preferably a icon tinuously extending closedtube, holes 8 are provided for draining the excess galvanizing from theinterior of the tubes.-

Figure 17 illustrates a pallet, similar to that shown inFigure 1, theedgelpo'rtions -21 of the longitudinallyextending tubular reinforcingmeans 22 being secured to the body portion 2- as'before described,thecorners 23 being-formed asshowfn in Figure 22 by cutting away theexcess metal and securingthe edge portions together; This securing maybe obtained solely vby the operation of galvanizing, or by separately,welding, or

both.

Figure 18 shows a palletfembodying the invention with the roll portions24 extending substantially. the length of the ends, the corners 25 beingformed as shownin Figure 28; by folding-the excess metaljinto a Wedgeshaped fold and welding. "In Figure 19 there-is shown a-palletembodyingreinforcalong the end flange 27 of the pallet. r This joint2671's, similarato that shown inFigure 18- except for, the lay of thefold, The pallet illustrated inFigur-e 2.0 ismodificatio r otthepalletshown inFigure 11;. and; for a' detail of the tubularreinforcingmeans and" ethod f joining-the same to the body portion,reference-may be had jtoFigure 13,

The corner joints 25', however, are illus trated in-Fignre '23, theto'lds' being along the sides of the pallet. v

It will .be -imderstood that-the pallets shown in Figures17 to 20inclusive are not dependent npon the particular form of cornor jointemployed for their noveliconstruction,.jfor any of .a number of typessimilar to those illustrated: in Figures, 20 e124,

inclusive may be employed at random without departing from the spirit-ofthe invention.

. Figure 21 illustrates a joint wherein the metal is cutanjd portion ofthe excess 28 resulting from fianging the body 2 is welded to both thesideiand'end'fianges. In Figure 22 -there is shown a joint whereinitheexcessmetal is entirely clipped from one flange 29, and the excessremaining on the other flange 30 is bent and welded onto the I firstmentioned flange '29. i e

In Figures 23 and '24 there are shown two types of folded joints, theexcess metal 7 3 formed flanging the body. portion 2 being folded andwelded to one of the flanges .31. In Figure23 theafoldis placed insidethe flange 31,- thereby presenting a" smooth outer surface, desirable insome cases. Thetype illustrated in Figure '24smay be 'moredeslrable' 1nsome constructions, however, be-

cause no substantial tensile stress can be Weld in use, thus attainingalso oft-he-attachment p'roducedby galvaniz 4 1mg afterforming. A i a vf v Q The broad'fea-turesof construction of the pallet shownherein areclaimed in mycopending application Serial No. 720,082, filed June; 14;,1924-.

The advantages ofthe presentiiinve'ntioni arise from the provision ofa'pallet having a reinforcing means continuous at the'corners, suchreinforcing. means being preferably in the form of a-"roll.

Further advan-' tages 8,1350"fIQIH'thGYPIOVlSlOH Of a pallet 'so'designed'that' the upper inner edge of the the claims the expressionreinforcingroll is seoured'tothe bodyofthe Q pallet, resultinggin anextremely rigid construction. Furthermore, decided advantages accurefrom the provision or means for spacing adjacent pallets independent ofthe operator.

ln'iportant results are obtained by gal-- vanrzln-gthe pallet,affclkforming, thereby obliterating any die marks madeduring theformation thereof, oliioiently welding a dja.-

cent-portions the pallet together and pro ventingithepossibility of weakor in: coated portions. ;Advantages likewise arise from' the provisionof hand holds at: the ends of topielrup the pallet from a flatsurface;

A pallet as herein constructed is extremethe pallet whereby the\opera-tor'is enabled" 1y rigid',,and at the same tnne lig'ht. n iseasily manipulated in that it maybe readily picked up and acent palletsautomatically space themselves. It is'serviceable and tends 'twistflfrom.the normal either transversely,

longitudinally or along the diagonals.-

.Iclaim:

1; As anarticle, of manufacture, a pallet comprising a body portionhaving a contin 1 uously extending downwardly projecting 'pe-.

ripheral reinforcing means formed thereon,

and secondary reinforcing means extending longitud nally a substantialpart of the length of at least one side of thebody-pormeans inwardly andupwardly so that the]:

tion and formed by rolling the first mentioned means inwardly andupwardly so that the upper inner edge thereof abuts the body portion,said upper inner edge being welded to said' body portion, substantiallyas described.

Q. As an article of manufacturega pallet comprising a body portionhavinga continuously extending downwardly projecting pespacing ad acentpallets, said spacing means ripheral reinforcing means formed thereon,

and secondary reinforcing means extending laterally a substantial partof the'lengt'h 'of at least one end edge of the body portion and formed'by rolling thefirst mentioned upperinner edge thereof abuts the bodyortion said u orinner ed e bein welded to said body portion,substantially as de scribed. V V

, 3. As an article of manufacture, a pallet com risin a bod Iortion-havin a con tinuously extending downwardly projecting peripheralreinforcing means formed thereon, and secondary reinforcing means extendinglongitudinally asubstantial part ofthe length of the side edges ofthe body portion and laterally a substantial part of the length of theendedges of the body portion and formed'by rolling inwardly and upwardlyI the first mentioned means so that the upper inner edge thereof abutsthe body portion,

said upper inner edge'being welded to said body portion, substantiallyasdescribed? 4. As an article of manufacture, "a pallet is having acontinuouslyextending downwardly projecting peripheral flange and atubular reinforcing means formed by rolling at least a portion of saidflange inwardly and? upwardly so that the upperinner edge thereof abutsthe body portion, said upper inner edge being :secured tosaid bodyportion jby L ing adjacent'pallets, said -spacingmeans comgalvanizing,substantially as. described. j.

periphery thereof, said reinforcing means being formedjby. rolling theedge portions ofsaid pallet downwardly and inwardlyuntil' the inner edgethereof abuts the body ofsaid pallet, said'means being'secured to thebody by galvanlzmg, the tubular reinforcing means being flattened orcrushed-to form av hand hold, substantially as described.

6. As an article of manufacture, a pallet having a continuouslyextending downward-- ly projecting peripheral reinforcing flange, andmeans for spacing ad acent pallets, said spacing means being formed bylateral out- '75 having atop and a downwardly promoting tubularreinforcing means which extends continuously around the top, and meansfor being formed by lateral outward curvature of'said tubularreinforcing smeansysubstantially as described. v 1 V 1 ,9. As an articleof manufacture, a pallet having a top and a downwardly projectingtubular reinforcing meansl which extends continuouslyaround the top, andmeans for spacing adjacent pallets, said spacing means being formed bylateral outward" curvature of said tubular reinforcing means in at leasttwo'portions of the side'edges of said pallet,

Substantially as described: A

,10; A anartic'le of manufacture, a ll t y g i1 topand a'tubularreinforcing means on the periphery thereof, which reinforcing meansextends continuously around the top,

said reinforcing means being formed by rolling the edge portions of saidpallet downwardly and inwardly until the inner edge thereof abuts thebody of said pallet, said inner edge being secured to the pallet body bygalvanizing, the tubular reinforcing means being flattened or'crushed'toform a hand hold, and means for spacing adjacent pallets, said "spacingmeans comprising "lateral outward curvatures of" said tubularreinforcing-means, substantially as described. 3

= 11. As anarticleof manufacture, a pallet peripheral reinforcing flangewhich extends having atop and adownwardlyprojecting continuously aroundthe top, means for spac Y prising lateral outward.prdjectionsiofsaidholddsubstantially as described.

' 12. As" an article of manufacture, a pallet having ,arolled peripheralflange, aportion 1,665,299 r l i r 3 of such flange being flattened orcrushed in pallet and then upwardly to terminate sulo- V V such mannerthat the height of the portion stantially against the body portion ofthe is reduced in itsentirety to form a hand pallet, a portion of suchreinforcing edge 10 hold. being deformed to serve as' a hand hold.

. 5 13. As an article of manufacture, a pallet In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set having a body portion and an edge portion my hand. V rI which extends doWnWardly,'then beneath the CHARLESB CUSHWA.

